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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
In order to cure oral diabetes, one form of medicine known as Biguanides(e.g. Metformin) is used. How does metformin play a role in curing a diabetic person?
Correct
Keep in mind that the process of hepatic gluconeogenesis is cut down by Metformin where the consumption of glucose is elevated, cuts down the insulin resistance, and the postprandial glucose value is also reduced. Diarrhea, metallic taste, drop in weight, and Lactic acidosis are some of its side effects.
Incorrect
Keep in mind that the process of hepatic gluconeogenesis is cut down by Metformin where the consumption of glucose is elevated, cuts down the insulin resistance, and the postprandial glucose value is also reduced. Diarrhea, metallic taste, drop in weight, and Lactic acidosis are some of its side effects.
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
A person has been suffering from Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) for a few days. He is not in good condition and is also facing a lot of unpleasant symptoms. State which of the following symptoms indicates the correct symptom of a person suffering from Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Correct
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is the primary symptom of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. It is precipitated by infection, surgery, or MI. Hyperkalemia occurs because of a decrease in insulin and hyperosmolality. However, the symptoms associated with this are fruity odor, dehydration, abdominal pain, etc.
Incorrect
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is the primary symptom of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. It is precipitated by infection, surgery, or MI. Hyperkalemia occurs because of a decrease in insulin and hyperosmolality. However, the symptoms associated with this are fruity odor, dehydration, abdominal pain, etc.
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Question 3 of 10
3. Question
A patient is suffering from Hypothyroidism for the past 2 weeks. The thyroid gland of the patient is not functioning properly due to which the patient is facing some complications. What is a possible treatment to relieve the patient from this complication?
Correct
Please note that Hypothyroidism occurs in a patient when the thyroid gland of the patient cannot generate sufficient thyroid hormone. Due to this, there is reduced metabolism in the patient’s body. Therefore, treat such patients with levothyroxine and apply ventilation and warming blankets to these type of patients.
Incorrect
Please note that Hypothyroidism occurs in a patient when the thyroid gland of the patient cannot generate sufficient thyroid hormone. Due to this, there is reduced metabolism in the patient’s body. Therefore, treat such patients with levothyroxine and apply ventilation and warming blankets to these type of patients.
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Question 4 of 10
4. Question
A woman aged 63 years has been experiencing abdominal pain along with vomiting and nausea. This pain started around 2 days ago and it began in the epigastrium. Her condition worsened gradually as time passes. After vomiting, she is feeling a bit relaxed. One of the causes of such a condition is Pancreatitis. Which of these properly states what happens when a patient suffers from Pancreatitis?
Correct
Please note that Pancreatitis is actually the burning sensation of the pancreas. It occurs when digestive enzymes begin to digest the pancreas. Pancreatitis can either be acute or chronic and either can be very harmful and dangerous to the patient.
Incorrect
Please note that Pancreatitis is actually the burning sensation of the pancreas. It occurs when digestive enzymes begin to digest the pancreas. Pancreatitis can either be acute or chronic and either can be very harmful and dangerous to the patient.
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
A woman whose age is 48 years has hemiparesis on the right portion of her brain and has some mental changes. Two weeks ago she started having intermittent fevers and sore throat. Moreover, she also suffered from gum and nose bleeds since the last week. Which of the following can be the possible cause of this mishap?
Correct
Please note that in metastasis the cancer cells break away from the point they were first created and start to form new cancer cells in different portions of the body by flowing through the blood or lymph system. It is also known as stage IV (4) cancer. The origin where this cancer initially generates is unknown and cannot be located.
Incorrect
Please note that in metastasis the cancer cells break away from the point they were first created and start to form new cancer cells in different portions of the body by flowing through the blood or lymph system. It is also known as stage IV (4) cancer. The origin where this cancer initially generates is unknown and cannot be located.
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Question 6 of 10
6. Question
A woman whose age is 27 years is experiencing large lymph nodes in her neck for the last few weeks and the nodes are located in the cervical area. However, she is not on any medication. State which of the following is the possible cause of these symptoms?
Correct
Please note that Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is a lymphoma where cancer is generated from lymphocytes which is a type of white blood cell. Due to this multiple lymph nodes forms in the neck, under the arms, and in the groin which is not painful so it is hard to recognize this disease easily at the initial stage.
Incorrect
Please note that Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is a lymphoma where cancer is generated from lymphocytes which is a type of white blood cell. Due to this multiple lymph nodes forms in the neck, under the arms, and in the groin which is not painful so it is hard to recognize this disease easily at the initial stage.
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Question 7 of 10
7. Question
A patient whose age is 83 years has an abdomen that is dilated. This person has a walking disorder because he is a victim of both osteoarthritis and Alzheimer’s disease. The patient did not discharge any waste when his abdomen was enlarged. An incarcerated hernia is a valid cause because of which there is a hindrance to small bowel movement. Which of the following describes what happens to a patient suffering from this condition?
Correct
Please note that small bowel obstruction due to occult incarcerated hernia causes vomiting and nausea in the patient generating abdominal distention. Due to this, the patient might experience swollen belly and due to bowel blockage gas in the stomach cannot pass through causing pain in the abdomen.
Incorrect
Please note that small bowel obstruction due to occult incarcerated hernia causes vomiting and nausea in the patient generating abdominal distention. Due to this, the patient might experience swollen belly and due to bowel blockage gas in the stomach cannot pass through causing pain in the abdomen.
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
A woman aged 54 years notices a lump on her left breast which is a hard lump. The first time she had her menstrual period at age 12 years. Her most recent mammogram was about a year ago. Her mother was diagnosed with breast cancer at age 70. A few of the causes for this are Breast carcinoma, Fibroadenoma of the breast, and Intraductal papilloma. Which of the following can be possible follow-up management?
Correct
For our information, the effectiveness of Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors for curing women’s breast cancer is proven. The bright side is that the chances of developing cancer again are cut down to a great extent. Furthermore, if tamoxifen inhibitors were used then side effects such as stroke, clotting of blood, and endometrial cancer could be seen if excess inhibitors were applied. However, it is not the case with aromatase inhibitors and it is better compared to tamoxifen inhibitors in the aspect of side effects.
Incorrect
For our information, the effectiveness of Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors for curing women’s breast cancer is proven. The bright side is that the chances of developing cancer again are cut down to a great extent. Furthermore, if tamoxifen inhibitors were used then side effects such as stroke, clotting of blood, and endometrial cancer could be seen if excess inhibitors were applied. However, it is not the case with aromatase inhibitors and it is better compared to tamoxifen inhibitors in the aspect of side effects.
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Question 9 of 10
9. Question
A 28-year-old man has been experiencing pain on the left side of his chest. He was drinking and suddenly he has been continuously vomiting along with blood coming out of his mouth. He also has a very faint breathing sound on the left side of his chest. One of the reasons for such occurrence is Aspiration pneumonitis. Which of these best describes what happens to such a patient suffering from this disease?
Correct
Aspiration pneumonitis is an acute lung injury that occurs when regurgitated gastric contents enter our lungs. This condition is mostly seen in patients who has lack of consciousness due to seizures, drug overdose, or use of anesthesia. The most common pathogens for aspiration pneumonitis are Gram-negative enteric pathogens and oral anaerobes.
Incorrect
Aspiration pneumonitis is an acute lung injury that occurs when regurgitated gastric contents enter our lungs. This condition is mostly seen in patients who has lack of consciousness due to seizures, drug overdose, or use of anesthesia. The most common pathogens for aspiration pneumonitis are Gram-negative enteric pathogens and oral anaerobes.
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Question 10 of 10
10. Question
A patient who has been a victim of Osteoporosis has been experiencing reduced bone strength, less bone weight, and fragile bones which has a high chance of getting fractured. Few reasons for this condition are Osteomalacia, hyperparathyroidism, and metastatic carcinoma. Which of these is a good treatment plan for such an ailment?
Correct
Osteoporosis is the condition where the body loses a significant amount of bone and the bone becomes fragile. It occurs for a variety of reasons such as family medical history, indulging in smoking, steroids, or alcohol which is injurious to health. Few medicines, a proper healthy diet, and exercise can help fight against this disease and prevent bone loss. Bisphosphonates help fight against Osteoporosis by increasing bone density and prevents loss of excess bones.
Incorrect
Osteoporosis is the condition where the body loses a significant amount of bone and the bone becomes fragile. It occurs for a variety of reasons such as family medical history, indulging in smoking, steroids, or alcohol which is injurious to health. Few medicines, a proper healthy diet, and exercise can help fight against this disease and prevent bone loss. Bisphosphonates help fight against Osteoporosis by increasing bone density and prevents loss of excess bones.