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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
Congestive Heart Failure is a clinical syndrome caused by the inability of the heart to pump enough blood for metabolic homeostasis. Which of the following is not a risk factor associated with it?
Correct
Risk factors associated with Congestive Heart failure include the following: Coronary heart disease. Hypertension. Cardiomyopathy. Valvular heart disease. Diabetes.COPD (cor pulmonale). Pulmonary embolism usually happens when a blood clot called a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), travels to your lungs and blocks a blood vessel.
Incorrect
Risk factors associated with Congestive Heart failure include the following: Coronary heart disease. Hypertension. Cardiomyopathy. Valvular heart disease. Diabetes.COPD (cor pulmonale). Pulmonary embolism usually happens when a blood clot called a deep vein thrombosis (DVT), travels to your lungs and blocks a blood vessel.
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
Which of the following heart disease usually causes ectopic beats to arise from ventricular foci and is associated with hypoxia, fibrosis, LV function, electrolyte abnormalities, and hyperthyroidism?
Correct
PVC causes ectopic beats to arise from ventricular foci and is associated with hypoxia, fibrosis, low LV function, electrolyte abnormalities, and hyperthyroidism. It’s usually asymptomatic but may lead to palpitations. PVCs are usually followed by a compensatory pause.
Incorrect
PVC causes ectopic beats to arise from ventricular foci and is associated with hypoxia, fibrosis, low LV function, electrolyte abnormalities, and hyperthyroidism. It’s usually asymptomatic but may lead to palpitations. PVCs are usually followed by a compensatory pause.
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Question 3 of 10
3. Question
Which of the following is a diagnosis method used for Restrictive Cardiomyopathy?
Correct
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy diagnosis includes:
Echocardiography is key for diagnosis, A cardiac biopsy may reveal fibrosis or evidence of infiltration.ECG frequently shows LBBB; low voltages are seen in amyloidosis.Incorrect
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy diagnosis includes:
Echocardiography is key for diagnosis, A cardiac biopsy may reveal fibrosis or evidence of infiltration.ECG frequently shows LBBB; low voltages are seen in amyloidosis. -
Question 4 of 10
4. Question
Which of the following Coronary Artery Disease causes the substernal chest 2° to myocardial ischemia?
Correct
Angina Pectoris causes substernal chest pain 2° to myocardial ischemia and is mostly caused by atheroma. Less frequently caused by anemia, aortic stenosis, tachyarrhythmias, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and small vessel disease.
Incorrect
Angina Pectoris causes substernal chest pain 2° to myocardial ischemia and is mostly caused by atheroma. Less frequently caused by anemia, aortic stenosis, tachyarrhythmias, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and small vessel disease.
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
Which of the following is not a recommended best initial treatment for Segment Elevation Myocardial Infraction disease?
Correct
The best initial treatment for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infraction is Antiplatelet therapy. Add prasugrel or ticagrelor, or clopidogrel as a second antiplatelet agent with aspirin only for patients undergoing angioplasty or stenting.
Incorrect
The best initial treatment for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infraction is Antiplatelet therapy. Add prasugrel or ticagrelor, or clopidogrel as a second antiplatelet agent with aspirin only for patients undergoing angioplasty or stenting.
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Question 6 of 10
6. Question
The Pericardial disease consists of three main branches for easier diagnosis and treatment. Which of the following is not one of them?
Correct
Pericardial Disease consists of pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis, and pericardial tamponade. Results from acute or chronic pericardial insults; may lead to pericardial effusion.
Incorrect
Pericardial Disease consists of pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis, and pericardial tamponade. Results from acute or chronic pericardial insults; may lead to pericardial effusion.
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Question 7 of 10
7. Question
Which is the leading cause of Valvular heart disease in adults?
Correct
Until some years ago rheumatic fever that affects the mitral valve more often than the aortic valve was the most common cause of valvular heart disease in US adults but now the leading cause is mechanical degeneration.
Incorrect
Until some years ago rheumatic fever that affects the mitral valve more often than the aortic valve was the most common cause of valvular heart disease in US adults but now the leading cause is mechanical degeneration.
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
A 21-year-old man presents with an initial BP of 150/85 mm Hg, and repeat measurement yields 147/85 mm Hg. The patient’s potassium level is 3.2 mg/dL. What is the next appropriate diagnostic step?
Correct
The initial hyperaldosteronism workup includes testing for the aldosterone/renin activity ratio. Primary hyperaldosteronism is diagnosed by measuring the blood levels of aldosterone and renin. To best measure these hormones, blood samples should be drawn in the morning. In primary hyperaldosteronism, the aldosterone level will be high while renin will be low or undetectable.
Incorrect
The initial hyperaldosteronism workup includes testing for the aldosterone/renin activity ratio. Primary hyperaldosteronism is diagnosed by measuring the blood levels of aldosterone and renin. To best measure these hormones, blood samples should be drawn in the morning. In primary hyperaldosteronism, the aldosterone level will be high while renin will be low or undetectable.
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Question 9 of 10
9. Question
Which of the following conditions may lead to Deep Venous Thrombosis?
Correct
Deep Venous Thrombosis is clot formation in the large veins of the extremities or pelvis. Risk factors include venous stasis like prolonged bed rest, obesity, immobility, endothelial trauma like an injury to the lower extremities, and hypercoagulable states like malignancy or pregnancy.
Incorrect
Deep Venous Thrombosis is clot formation in the large veins of the extremities or pelvis. Risk factors include venous stasis like prolonged bed rest, obesity, immobility, endothelial trauma like an injury to the lower extremities, and hypercoagulable states like malignancy or pregnancy.
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Question 10 of 10
10. Question
A patient has been diagnosed with Deep Venous Thrombosis and has contraindications for anticoagulation. Which of the following is the best step to take for such a case?
Correct
Treatment patients with contraindications for anticoagulation, use inferior vena cava filters. Due to contraindications for anticoagulation, anticoagulation with subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)or IV unfractionated heparin followed by PO warfarin or NOACs for a total of 3–6 months will not work.
Incorrect
Treatment patients with contraindications for anticoagulation, use inferior vena cava filters. Due to contraindications for anticoagulation, anticoagulation with subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)or IV unfractionated heparin followed by PO warfarin or NOACs for a total of 3–6 months will not work.