Pediatric Advanced Life Support Certification – Quiz 08

vascular damage occurs when a trauma or blow causes an artery or vein to be injured. These injuries can affect the arterial, lymphatic, or venous systems, and they’re most common on the lower limbs (80-90 percent of cases). They’re usually associated with limb injuries or osteoarthritis-affected joints.

A pelvic fracture, hip fracture, patellar fracture, tibia and fibula fracture, ankle fracture, or foot fracture are all examples of extremity trauma. Dislocations of the patella and hip are also possible. The majority of these incidents are caused by car crashes.

Damage to the vertebrae, ligaments, or discs of the spinal column, as well as the spinal cord itself, may cause spinal cord injuries. A sudden, severe blow to your spine that fractures, dislocates, crushes or compresses one or more of your vertebrae may result in a traumatic spinal cord injury. These injuries are not very common in children.

The temperature and length of contact are the two key factors that decide the magnitude of burns and scalds. The time it takes for cellular damage to occur decreases exponentially with temperature: at 44°C, contact will have to be sustained for 6 hours, at 54°C for 30 seconds, and at 70°C epidermal injury occurs in less than a second.

Many minor electrical injuries do not necessitate medical attention, and the frequency of such injuries is uncertain. Children account for a small percentage of electrical accidents that necessitate hospitalization. Electrical accidents are most often seen in the home and include low currents and voltage.

The extent of hypoxic-ischaemic injury and the effectiveness of initial resuscitation decide the clinical course of drowning. When the brain cools until the heart stops, hypoxic brain injury is thought to be minimized. In the case of drowning, no single factor can accurately predict a good or bad result.

The algorithm is viewed as a linear sequence of steps for clarification. It’s all in the airway. When determining if the individual is breathing normally, use the head tilt and chin lift technique to open the airway.

Place the heel of one hand on the person’s stomach, then the other on top, and press down 5 to 6cm (2 to 2.5 inches) at a constant pace of 100 to 120 compressions per minute. Give two rescue breaths for every 30 chest compressions.

The recovery position can be used if a person is unconscious but breathing and has no other life-threatening conditions. When someone is placed in the recovery position, their airway is kept safe and open. It also prevents them from choking on any vomit or liquid.

A foreign body may partially or completely block the breathing tubes to the lungs, causing foreign-body airway obstruction (for example, food, a bead, toy, etc.). The onset of respiratory distress can be sudden, particularly if you have a cough.