Aromatic alcohols (chemical compounds containing a hydroxyl group (—OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group) are called phenols. The possible resonance between the ring and the lone pairs of the oxygen (O) atom in the hydroxyl group (a functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to an oxygen atom) makes the hydrogen (H) of the alcohol more acidic than other alcohols.

sp3-hybridized orbitals (mixing character of one 2s-orbital and three 2p-orbitals) have 25% s character and 75% p character. They form tetrahedral geometry with 109.5° bond angles. Carbons (C) with all single bonds (chemical bond between two atoms involving two valence electrons) are sp3-hybridized.

Effective nuclear charge (Zeff) will increase from left to proper throughout a period. Atomic radius decreases from left to proper throughout a period and will increase from top to bottom in a group. Ionization energy (IE) will increase from left to proper throughout a period and reduces from top to bottom in a group. Electron affinity will increase from left to proper throughout a period and reduces from top to bottom in a group. Electronegativity will increase from left to proper throughout a period and reduces from top to bottom in a group.

Alkali and alkaline earth metals are both metallic in nature because they both lose electrons easily from the s-orbital of their valence shells.

Double-displacement reactions (chemical reactions wherein the reactant ions exchange places to shape new products) arise whilst elements from distinctive compounds exchange places with every other to shape new compounds. Neutralization reactions are a selected form of double displacement wherein an acid reacts with a base to supply an answer of salt and water.

Ethanethiol or stench (CH₃CH₂SH) is an organosulfur (organic compounds that contain sulfur) compound and is used to feature in any other case odorless gaseous products which include liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) to assist warn of fuel line leaks.

Mercury is a chemical element with the formula Hg and atomic number 80. The element is likewise called quicksilver for its mobility. Mercury is one of the oldest and deadliest poisons, a fairly poisonous metallic mined from an excellent crimson ore.

Tear gas is likewise called CS Gas. It acts as a lachrymatory agent. Which irritates the mucous membrane of the eyes, nose, mouth, and lungs, and creates tearing, coughing, burning, and tough breathing.

In α-decay, the mass number of the product nucleus (daughter nucleus) is 4 much less than that of the decaying nucleus (parent nucleus), whilst the atomic number decreases with the aid of using two.

Graphene oxide (referred to as graphitic oxide or graphitic acid, obtained with the aid of using treating graphite with sturdy oxidizers) is used as a molecular sieve to filter common salts from seawater to provide potable water.